Please take a look at Australia (lots of Iranian PhDs going to unis in Melbourne; great CS programs in Sydney too), or Canada, where your skills will not only be appreciated but you will have a clear path to permanent residency based on your education and skills.

I'm Iranian, but born in the US, work in immigration and can connect you with excellent people (Iranian too) in Australia who can help you walk through all of this.

Even if you get into the US for your PhD program, you face a tangled web to actually achieve a green card, and that was before Trump.